Psychology Nature and Nurture

Question: Describe about thePsychology for Nature and Nurture?. Answer: Nature and nurture debate relating to the attachment process between infant giver and caregiver has turned to be a central feature in the field of psychology. It answers if the behavioral traits are due to the influence of innate biological nature or are nurtured from the social environment and experiences of life. According to several psychologists, the origin of the human behavior cannot be categorized in to black and white terms. However, it cannot be denied that the development of the individual is significantly influenced by both nature and nurture. According to (Coll et al. 2014) nature and nurture are both crucial and will not work without each other. The psychological approach is in the favor of nature, as it explains that behavior originates from "biology, brains, and genes." The other approach taking the nurture's view is known as Behaviorist perspective. According to (Steen 2013) Behavioral psychologists use the idea of Tabula Rasa in that all people are born as blank slates and that all behavior is shaped and influenced by our surroundings and our environment. When children are born they receive unique traits from their parents, genetically predisposed acting as a framework for building upon their physical and learning skills. They influence on things that an individual can or cannot perform. However, some are never able to reach their maximum genetic potential (Keller 2016). However, life provides several opportunities via school, sports, and social interaction to show what we can excel in. Several studies are conducted on twins and adoption showed the role played by the genetic factor in social development. In one such case, one of the twins was raised by his biological mother, and other was adopted by the different family. They were brought up in different circumstances and yet show similarity in "behavior and temperament". (Coll et al. 2014) Comments that if nature and nurture determine the social development, one would expect identical twins being genetic replicas of one another to show the same temperament". It was argued by (Kan et al. 2013) that although the environment was different but same interests and wishes of their mothers accounted for their similar environment. Several studies assessed different angles of temperaments such as "activity levels, inhibition, anxiety, persistence, control, and emotions." It was deduced that all types of temperaments were originated biologically and long term ones dependent on environmental factors as well (Coll et al. 2014). Studies of Singh 2012 show that attachment forms to those who respond to child signals and there is a window period for it to take place in both humans and animals and humans are between 6 months to 3 years". It is this break in an attachment that leads to developmental consequences that include "physical, emotional and intellectual" (Steen 2013). It was mentioned by Bowlby that absence of guilt and regard for one's consequences" is attributed to maternal deprivation (Steen 2013). It is concluded that both nature and nurture should be taken into account when talking about behavioral aspect. It shows that both influences the decisions and behaviors of a person and is equally significant in every individuals life. References Coll, C.G., Bearer, E.L. and Lerner, R.M. eds., 2014.Nature and nurture: The complex interplay of genetic and environmental influences on human behavior and development. Psychology Press. Kan, K.J., Wicherts, J.M., Dolan, C.V. and van der Maas, H.L., 2013. On the nature and nurture of intelligence and specific cognitive abilities the more heritable, the more culture dependent.Psychological science, p.0956797613493292. Keller, E.F., 2016. Thinking about biology and culture: can the natural and human sciences be integrated?.The Sociological Review Monographs,64(1), pp.26-41. Singh, I., 2012. Human development, nature, and nurture: Working beyond the divide.BioSocieties,7(3), p.308. Steen, R.G., 2013.DNA and destiny: Nature and nurture in human behavior. Springer.